Hydrogen
Hydrogen is the chemical element with one proton in its nucleus. A neutral hydrogen atom, H, has one electron; the isotope shown here has no neutron. Molecular hydrogen, H2, consists of two bonded hydrogen atoms. A hydrogen ion, H+, has lost its electron; in water it interacts with surrounding water molecules.
The model shows the stationary 1s ground state and the 2pz excited state of an isolated hydrogen atom. The surface encloses 90% of the electron's position probability; the remaining 10% lies outside. It is not an electron orbit or a hard boundary. The two lobes of the 2pz state are separated by a plane with zero probability density.
In mitochondria, ATP synthase uses a proton electrochemical gradient. Those protons are H+ in an aqueous environment, not the isolated neutral atoms or atomic orbitals shown here. John E. Walker, Nobel lecture
Model definition and files
An analytical, nonrelativistic hydrogen model with a fixed point proton and one electron, without an applied field. Spin-dependent and radiative effects are omitted. The 1s and 2pz states share the same physical scale and proton-centred coordinates. The probability density is stationary: this view does not simulate a transition between states or an electron trajectory. Colour is illustrative; both lobes show nonnegative probability density.
The densities are ρ1s = exp(−2r)/π and ρ2p_z = z² exp(−r)/(32π), with r and z measured in bohr and ρ in bohr−3. Here r is the distance from the proton and z is the coordinate along the orbital axis. Each surface bounds the region ρ ≥ its threshold whose probability integrates to 0.9 over all space; the threshold is not normalized to a cropped grid.
The scientific definition and QCSchema record are the model inputs. OpenUSD composes the generated geometry; the interactive view uses derived GLB scenes. The complete ZIP includes the USD layers needed by the composition. Lengths are recorded in bohr in the analytical definition, ångströms in USD, and metres in GLB; one ångström is 10−10 m.